Water insecurity refers to a lack of access to safe and reliable water sources for drinking, hygiene, and sanitation. This can be due to a variety of factors, such as limited water resources, pollution, inadequate infrastructure, climate change, and poor governance. Water insecurity is a significant global issue that can lead to health problems, economic challenges, and conflicts over water resources. Researchers in this area study the causes and impacts of water insecurity, as well as potential solutions to improve access to clean water for communities around the world.